Rinnovamento cattolico
(sec. XVII-XVIII)
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Szelepcsényi,
György (Szelepcsény 1595 – Lôcse 1685)
Portrait of Cardinal Péter Pázmány
1637
Paper, engraving;
21 x 13 cm
Esztergom, Christian Museum,
inv. no: 2320
Oval bust with Latin inscription
in cartouche. György Szelepcsényi was Archbishop of Esztergom
and became an outstanding amateur artist, one of the best engravers of
the 17th century. He often used well-known compositions as models, like
in the case of his best known work, the engraved portrait of Péter
Pázmány. He was Bishop of Veszprém and then that of
Nyitra, Archbishop of Kalocsa from 1657 and that of Esztergom from 1666.
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Emperor Charles VI grants the title
of imperial duke to the Primate of Hungary, 9 December 1714
Esztergom, Archive of the
Cathedral Chapter;
Lad. 49. Sine fasciculo
et numero
55 x 38 cm, pelure booklet
bound in red velvet. The diameter of the red wax seal hanging on golden
silk string is 14.2 cm, together with the wooden case preserving the seal
18.5 cm. In the field of the seal there is a quartered shield sorrounded
by the Order of the Golden Fleece below a crown. The shield is held by
a double-headed eagle with spread wings holding the sceptre, sword and
orb.
Inscription: CAROL(US) .
VI . D(EI) . GRATIA . ROM(ANORUM) . IMP(ERATOR) . S(EMPER) . A(GUSTUS)
. GER(MANIAE) . HISP(ANIAE) . HUN(GARIAE) . BOH(EMIAE) . IT(E)R(UM) . SIC(ILIAE)
. HIER(USALEM) . ET . INDIARU(M) . R(E)X . ARC(HI)D(UX) . AUS(TRIAE) .
D(UX) . BURG(UNDIAE . BRA(BANTI)E . MEDIOL(ANI) . PR(INCEPS) . SUEV(IAE)
. CATAL(ONIAE) . MAR(CHIO) . S(ACRI) . R(OMANI) I(MPERII) . COM(ES) . HABSBURGI)
. FL(ANDRIAE) TYR(OLIS).
Charles III, King of Hungary
– as Charles VI, the Holy Roman Emperor – granted the title of imperial
duke to the Primates of Hungary at the request of Cardinal Christian August,
Duke of Saxony. This rank of the Archbishop of Esztergom was codified by
the parliament in 1715. Christian August could use the title by birth.
After him fourteen Archbishops, for the last time Cardinal József
Mindszenty, could use the ducal crown in his coat of arms, until Pope Pius
XII forbade all high priests of the church to use secular titles and ranks
in 1951. |
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UNKNOWN
MASTER
Hodigitria icon
Hodász, 1787
Wooden panel, tempera
88 x 60 x 10 cm (with original
frame)
Nyíregyháza,
Greek Catholic Collection of Religious Art,
inv. no: L. 13
The icon was originally placed
in the first row of the iconostasion, according to the canon on the left
side of the central liturgical ‘Royal gate’. It is the representation of
the Hodigitria, or the Guiding Mother, where the Virgin is pointing to
the Child held in her left arm, to Christ, that is, to the only Way to
salvation. This is one of the most prevalent among the iconographic types
representing the Virgin, its prototype was traditionally considered to
have been painted by St Lucas. The provincial master of the icon was true
to the traditions of the centuries. Corresponding to the practice of post-Byzantine
icon painting of the Carpathian region the representation appears in front
of a gilded ornamental background resembling metal covering.
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HUNGARIAN GOLDSMITH’S WORK
The monstrance from Grábóc
C. 1760
Silver with gilt applications
Height: 54 cm
Szentendre, Serbian Ecclesiastical
Museum
The Serbian orthodox monastery
in Grábóc dedicated to the Archangel Michael was founded
by Dalmatian monks during the Ottoman rule in 1585. As the only Orthodox
convent of the Transdanubia during the 17th century, it had become an important
spiritual centre. Its golden age was the 18th century, in the period past
the end of the Ottoman rule, when a one-aisle Baroque church with cupola
and tower was built on the base of the earlier temple. After the construction,
the monstrance was made around 1760, imitating the architectural forms
of the church. The church-shaped monstrance was created of silver and gilt
applications and is held by four angels. Following the structure of the
church reflecting certain late Byzantine reminiscences, the sides of the
monstrance are decorated with elements resembling doors and windows framed
by filigree work bands. These are connected with simple architectural motifs
on the facade part, emphasising the form of the monstrance. The bell tower
and two cupola towers slightly differ from the original church building,
but give dynamism to the work. At the time of its making the Serbian religious
art of the Danube region was getting away from the late Byzantine characteristics,
was turning to Baroque, which is well represented by the monstrance of
Grábóc monastery. |
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